# WorkKeys Substitution for ACT Lowers Proficiency Standards
States allowing WorkKeys to replace ACT scores in school accountability systems are weakening the definition of student proficiency rather than expanding pathways to success.
WorkKeys, developed by ACT Inc., measures job readiness skills in applied mathematics, locating information, and reading for information. The assessment targets workplace competencies rather than college preparation. Some states have adopted WorkKeys as an alternative way for schools to demonstrate that students meet proficiency benchmarks on state accountability measures.
The shift creates a problem. WorkKeys sets different performance bars than the ACT. A student scoring at proficiency on WorkKeys may not achieve the same cognitive level on the ACT. When states accept both assessments as equivalent measures of proficiency, they report higher achievement rates without students actually performing at higher levels.
This matters for school accountability. Federal law and most state policies require schools to prove students reach specific proficiency targets in reading and math. Schools face sanctions if they fall short. By accepting lower WorkKeys scores as proof of proficiency, states artificially inflate achievement data and reduce pressure on schools to improve instruction.
The distinction between job readiness and college readiness also matters. WorkKeys prepares students for entry-level employment. The ACT predicts college success. A student proficient on WorkKeys may lack skills needed for college coursework. Schools that rely on WorkKeys substitution may inadequately prepare college-bound students.
Advocates for WorkKeys argue the assessment serves students not pursuing four-year degrees. That argument holds merit. The problem emerges when states use WorkKeys substitution as a way to meet accountability targets rather than as a genuine alternative pathway. Schools can serve career-ready students without lowering their proficiency standards.
States should maintain distinct assessments for different goals. Keep WorkKeys for measuring workforce readiness. Maintain the ACT or similar college-prep